> Plus de cours et d'exercices d'anglais sur le même thème: Auxiliaires [Autres thèmes]
	> Tests similaires: - Auxiliaire BE: cours de grammaire pour débutants - Auxiliaire BE - DO verbe et auxiliaire - Be ou do - Auxiliaires Be- have et les autres - Be / Have : emplois particuliers - Be / To be - TLE : To have
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Auxiliaire do - cours

                                                            L'auxiliaire DO

         On utilise l'auxiliaire 'do' pour :

    1° les formes interrogatives et négatives des temps simples ( présent, prétérit )

                            forme affirmative            forme interrogative                 forme négative

       Présent    They like carrots Do they like carrots?  They do not like carrots   (they don't...)

                         She plays the piano Does she play the piano? She does not play the piano (doesn't)

       Prétérit     He broke his leg   Did he 'break' his leg? He did not break his leg  (didn't)

                      a) do et does (3° personne) pour le présent, did pour le prétérit         

                      b) pour les formes contractées la négation est accolée à 'do'

                      c) le temps est porté par l'auxiliaire, le verbe reste à l'infinitif sans to

                              She sings    Does she sing?   She doesn't sing

                             They played   Did they play?  They didn't play

                             You slept   Did you sleep? You didn't sleep

     2° l'impératif négatif:          on fait précéder l'impératif de don't 

                        Don't open the window!   Don't be silly!  (ne soit pas stupide)       

     3° la forme interro-négative:

             She doesn't play the piano : la forme interro-négative s'obtient en inversant l'auxiliaire et le sujet

                      Doesn't she play the piano?   ( ne joue -t-elle pas du piano? ) (on pense à une réponse positive)

                      Doesn't John walk to school? (John ne va-t-il pas à l'école à pied?)

                      Didn't you see the doctor yesterday?

     4° la forme emphatique:

            permet d'insister sur la réalité de ce que l'on affirme, de contester le bien-fondé d'un reproche...

                    I said I would go and I did go  (j'ai dit que j'irais et j'y suis 'vraiment' allé)

                    I do like this cake  (j'aime 'beaucoup'  ce gâteau)

                    Do try and understand (essaie 'donc' de comprendre)

     5°  question tags:

          ce sont des reprises interrogatives en fin de phrases qui correspondent à ' n'est-ce pas '

                 si la phrase est affirmative le tag est interro-négatif: She is French, isn't she?

                 si la phrase est négative le tag est interrogatif:  She isn't French, is she?

                       (ici on reprend is verbe de la phrase)

         Do s'utilise quand le verbe de la phrase n'est pas un auxiliaire

             You play tennis, don't you? You played tennis, didn't you? Mary plays tennis, doesn't she? 

             You don't play tennis, do you? You didn't play tennis, did you? Mary doesn't play tennis, does she?   

    6° cas des pronoms interrogatifs:

               do s'emploie avec un interrogatif complément, jamais avec un interrogatif sujet

                   Who came with you? (who est sujet, pas d'auxiliaire)

                   Which of you did the teacher punish?

              comparez:    Whose car won the race?  avec  Whose car did you take?

                          ( Quelle voiture a remporté la course (celle de qui?)? )   ( quelle voiture (celle de qui?) as-tu prise?)

   Remarque:     le 'verbe do' utilise l' 'auxiliaire do'  (c'est un verbe comme les autres)

                  How do you do?   

  Did Mary do the dishes?  (interrogative)

  Mary didn't do the dishes  (négative)

  Mary did do the dishes  (emphatique)           

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1. Can you lend me some sugar? I'm sorry I did didn't do does doesn't don't have any sugar left.
2. What time did didn't do does doesn't don't your daughter usually get up?
3. did didn't do does doesn't don't you often go to the cinema in summer?
4. Last Monday Ann did didn't do does doesn't don't go to school because she felt sick.
5. David! did didn't do does doesn't don't play with this knife, it's dangerous!
6. Whom did didn't do does doesn't don't you see at the meeting yesterday?
7. did didn't do does doesn't don't you tell me that Bob was going to marry Sonia? I saw Bob's mother, she says it's wrong.
8. They lost the match, did didn't do does doesn't don't they?
9. This child did didn't do does doesn't don't like cakes, which is very surprising.
10. Don't leave just now, it's 5 o'clock! did didn't do does doesn't don't have a cup of tea.