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Les relatives définissantes ||| les relatives non définissantes

> Les relatives non définissantes

Rappel du cours . Elles fournissent des informations intéressantes, supplémentaires, mais en aucun cas indispensables à la compréhension de la phrase.

Exemple: Mrs. Jackson, who is very intelligent, lives on the corner. "Mrs Johnson lives on the corner" est une information intéressante. Grâce à la relative, on apprend une autre information intéressante (mais pas indispensable).
NB: La relative est encadrée par des virgules!

> Les relatives définissantes

- Leurs informations sont essentielles à la compréhension de la phrase.
- Si vous les enlevez, la phrase a un sens différent ou plus de sens du tout.

Exemple:The woman who lives in apartment No. 34 has been arrested. Quelle femme? La femme qui habite dans l'appartement 34, pas une autre.
Une relative définissante définit clairement de qui/de quoi on est en train de parler.
NB: IL NE FAUT PAS UTILISER DE VIRGULES!

Les relatives non définissantes

 
Personne
Objet/Neutre
Sujet

who, that

which, that
Objet

Ø, that

(also: who, whom)

Ø, that

(also: which)
Possession whose whose, of which


Exemples:
>Sujet:
Example: Children who (that) play with fire are in great danger of harm.
The man who bought all the books by Hemingway has died.

Lequel choisir? which/who OU that?
> who and which: anglais écrit
> that: anglais oral

>Objet:
Exemple: That's the boy (Ø , that, who, whom) I invited to the party.
There's the house (Ø, that, which) I'd like to buy.

>Possession:
Exemple: He's the man whose car was stolen last week.
They were sure to visit the town whose location (OR the location of which) was little known.

EXERCISE: Choisissez le bon pronom relatif:
1. It is the book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I've just read.
2. She is the girl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sat next to me in the bus.
3. They are the people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . helped me.
4. This is the dog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scared me.

Construire une relative définissante à partir de ces 2 phrases:
5. A robot is a machine. It can replace human workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
6. A vet is a doctor. He treats animals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
7. Pets are animals. They are kept at home as companions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
8. A robot is a machine. It looks like a human being. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REPONSES:
1. Ø / that / which 2. that / who 3. that / who 4. that / which
5. A robot is a machine which/that can replace human workers.
6. A vet is a doctor who/that treats animals.
7. Pets are animals that/which are kept at home as companions.
8. A robot is a machine which/that looks like a human being.