Have to / be going to

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Forum anglais: Questions sur l'anglais
Tout ce qui a un rapport avec l'apprentissage de l'anglais: grammaire, orthographe, aides aux devoirs, phrases etc.

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Have to / be going to
Message de naous posté le 26-02-2005 à 22:12:58 (S | E | F | I)
bonjour à vous tous !!!
voila j'ai un petit souci avec:
be + going to
have to
je ne vois pas très bien ce que veulent exprimer ces expressions
pouvez vous m'aider ???
merci d'avance
bissssssssss

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Edité par emy64 le 26-02-2005 22:26
titre

Réponse: probleme d\'anglais !!! de emy64, postée le 26-02-2005 à 22:25:34 (S | E)
Bonjour, tiens voilà un puzzle que j'ai fait en faisant un copier/coller de plusieurs choses que j'ai trouvées sur le site. J'espère que ça te sera utile.

>> GOING TO:
- événements planifiés (qui sont proches du moment où l'on parle et qui ont été décidés AVANT ce même moment).

Syntaxe: S + BE (au présent) + GOING TO + base verbale

Are you going to buy a car tomorrow?
I am going to buy a car tomorrow morning.

You are going to buy a car / She is going to buy a car / We are going to buy a car / You are going to buy a car / They are going to buy a car

>> HAVE TO (NECESSITY) :
have to/has to means it is necessary.

I have to clean my room.
You have to get a new book.
We have to pick up the laundry.
They have to have a notebook.

Voilà

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Edité par emy64 le 26-02-2005 22:26

Réponse: probleme d'anglais !!! de felin, postée le 26-02-2005 à 22:37:25 (S | E)
Bonsoir Naous

Voici la lecon:

A (I'm) going to (do)'I am going to do something' = I have already decided to do it, I intend to do it:
A There's a film on television tonight. Are you going to watch it?
B: No, I'm tired. I'm going to have an early night.
• A: I hear Ruth has won some money. What is she going to do with it?
B: She's going to buy a new car.
• A: Have you made the coffee yet?
B: I'm just going to make it. (just = right at this moment)
• This food looks horrible. I'm not going to eat it.

B I am doing and I am going to do
We normally use I am doing (present continuous) when we say what we have arranged to do -for example, arranged to meet somebody, arranged to go somewhere (see Unit 19A):
• What time are you meeting Ann this evening?
• I'm leaving tomorrow. I've got my plane ticket.
'I am going to do something' = I've decided to do it (but perhaps not arranged to do it):
• The windows are dirty.' Yes, I know. I'm going to clean them later.'
(= I've decided to clean them but I haven't arranged to clean them)
• I've decided not to stay here any longer.
Tomorrow I'm going to look for somewhere else to stay.
Often the difference is very small and either form is possible.

C You can also say that 'something is going to happen' in the future.
For example
The man can't see where he's walking. There is a hole in front of him.
He is going to fall into the hole.
When we say that 'something is going to happen', the situation now makes us believe this. The man is walking towards the hole now, so he is going to fall into it.

• Look at those black clouds! It's going to rain, (the clouds are there now)
• I feel terrible. I think I’m going to be sick. (I feel terrible now)

D I was going to (do something)' = I intended to do it but didn't do it:
• We were going to travel by train but then we decided to go by car instead.
• A: Did Peter do the examination?
B: No, he was going to do it but he changed his mind.
• I was just going to cross the road when somebody shouted 'Stop!'
You can say that something was going to happen (but didn't happen):
• I thought it was soins to rain but then the sun came out.

Must and have to
A We use must and have to to say that it is necessary to do something. Sometimes it doesn't matter which you use:
• Oh, it's later than I thought. I must go. or I have to go.
But there is a difference between must and have to and sometimes this is important:
Must is personal. We use must when we give our personal feelings. 'You must do something' = 'I (the speaker) say it is necessary':
• She's a really nice person. You must meet her. (= I say this is necessary)
• I haven't phoned Ann for ages. I must phone her tonight.
Compare:
• I must get up early tomorrow. There are a lot of things I want to do.
Have to is impersonal. We use have to for facts, not for our personal feelings. 'You have to do something' because of a rule or the situation:
• You can't turn right here. You have to turn left, (because of the traffic system)
• My eyesight isn't very good. I have to wear glasses for reading.
• George can't come out with us this
evening. He has to work.
• I have to get up early tomorrow. I'm going away and my train leaves at 7.30.

If you are not sure which to use, it is usually safer to use have to.

B You can use must to talk about the present or future, but not the past:
• We must go now.
• We must go tomorrow, (but not 'We must go yesterday')
You can use have to in all forms. For example:
• I had to go to hospital, (past)
• Have you ever had to go to hospital? (present perfect)
• I might have to go to hospital, (infinitive after might)
In questions and negative sentences with have to, we normally use do/does/did:
• What do I have to do to get a driving licence? (not 'What have I to do?')
• Why did you have to go to hospital?
• Karen doesn't have to work on Saturdays.

C Mustn't and don't have to are completely different:

You mustn't do something = it is necessary that you do not do it (so, don't do it):
• You must keep it a secret. You mustn't tell anyone. (= don't tell anyone)
• I promised I would be on time. I mustn't be late. (= I must be on time)

You don't have to do something = you don't need to do it (but you can if you want):
• You can tell me if you want but you don't have to tell me. (= you don't need to tell me)
• I'm not working tomorrow, so I don't have to get up early.

D You can use 'have got to' instead of 'have to'. So you can say:
• I've got to work tomorrow or I have to work tomorrow.
• When has Ann got to go? or When does Ann have to go?

Voila

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