Des erreurs à bannir

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Des erreurs à bannir
Message de taconnet posté le 06-02-2009 à 16:31:52 (S | E | F)
Bonjour.

Je vous propose de corriger des phrases relevées sur des copies de lycéens voire d'étudiant du premier cycle.

La phrase est proposée en français, suivie de sa traduction anglaise.

Dans chaque phrase il y au moins une faute. Il y a des phrases qu'il faut totalement reconstruire.

Niveau :
Correction : 16 février 2009

Note :

Il est inutile de recopier la phrase écrite en français

1- Regardez-la. Elle ne doit pas avoir plus de vingt ans.
Look at her. She mustn't have more than twenty.

2- Il se pourrait qu'ils aient eu un accident.
They might have an accident.

3- Il est préférable que ton père ne sache rien.
It's better that your father doesn't know anything.

4- La Chine est le pays le plus peuplé du monde.
The China is the most populated country of the world.

5- Le jeu sera terminé quand vous aurez répondu à ces deux dernières questions.
The play will be over when you will have answered these two last questions.

6- Il n'eut pas plus tôt fini de peindre son tableau, qu'il alla le vendre.
No sooner he had finished to paint his picture that he went to sell it.

7- J'ai vu récemment Hamlet et Othello. Hamlet est de loin la meilleure pièce.
I saw recently Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is from far the best play.

8- Il ouvrit la porte d'un coup de pied.
He opened the door with a kick.

9- Il y a vingt minutes que je vous attends.
There are twenty minutes that I'm waiting for you.

10- Ses(fem) parents se sont tués dans un accident de voiture.
Her parents killed themselves in a car crash.

11- John Kennedy, irlandais et catholique, était très jeune quand il fut élu.
John Kennedy, irish and Catholic, was very young when he was elected.

12 - Je préfèrerais que tu viennes mardi plutôt que jeudi.
I would rather that you come tuesday rather than thursday.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de inga, postée le 06-02-2009 à 17:19:46 (S | E)
Hello taconnet,

These are my suggestions (I don't know French well):

1- Regardez-la. Elle ne doit pas avoir plus de vingt ans.
Look at her. She can't be more than twenty.

2- Il se pourrait qu'ils aient eu un accident.
They might have had an accident.

3- Il est préférable que ton père ne sache rien.
It would be better if your father didn't know anything.

4- La Chine est le pays le plus peuplé du monde.
China is the most populated country in the world.

5- Le jeu sera terminé quand vous aurez répondu à ces deux dernières questions.
The play will have been over by the time you have answered these two last questions.

6- Il n'eut pas plutôt fini de peindre son tableau, qu'il alla le vendre.
No sooner had he finished to paint his picture that he went to sell it.

7- J'ai vu récemment Hamlet et Othello. Hamlet est de loin la meilleure pièce.
I've seen Hamlet and Othello recently. Hamlet is definitely the best play.

8- Il ouvrit la porte d'un coup de pied.
He kicked the door open.

9- Il y a vingt minutes que je vous attends.
I've been waiting for you for 20 minutes.

10- Ses(fem) parents se sont tués dans un accident de voiture.
Her parents were killed in a car crash.

11- John Kennedy, irlandais et catholique, était très jeune quand il fut élu.
John Kennedy, an Irishman and a Catholic, was very young when he was elected.

12 - Je préfèrerais que tu viennes mardi plutôt que jeudi.
I would rather you came on Tuesday rather than Thursday.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de ndege, postée le 06-02-2009 à 17:26:09 (S | E)
Hi Taconnet!

1- Regardez-la. Elle ne doit pas avoir plus de vingt ans.
Look at her. She is probably not over twenty.

2- Il se pourrait qu'ils aient eu un accident.
They may have had an accident.

3- Il est préférable que ton père ne sache rien.
it would be best your father knows nothing.

4- La Chine est le pays le plus peuplé du monde.
China is the most populated country of the world.

5- Le jeu sera terminé quand vous aurez répondu à ces deux dernières questions.
The play will be over when you have answered these two last questions.

6- Il n'eut pas plutôt fini de peindre son tableau, qu'il alla le vendre.
No sooner had he finished his painting that he went to sell it.

7- J'ai vu récemment Hamlet et Othello. Hamlet est de loin la meilleure pièce.
I 've seen Hamlet and Othello lately. Hamlet is by far the best play.

8- Il ouvrit la porte d'un coup de pied.
He kicked the door open.

9- Il y a vingt minutes que je vous attends.
I 've been waiting for you for 20 minutes.

10- Ses(fem) parents se sont tués dans un accident de voiture.
Her parents were killed in a car crash.

11- John Kennedy, irlandais et catholique, était très jeune quand il fut élu.
John Kennedy, an Irish Catholic, was very young when he was elected.

12 - Je préfèrerais que tu viennes mardi plutôt que jeudi.
I would rather you come on Tuesday instead of Thursday.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de TravisKidd, postée le 06-02-2009 à 18:53:23 (S | E)
En fait je ne trouve pas d'erreur dans #8. On peut bien dire "He opened the door with a kick." (Ce n'est pas forcément á dire que les "corrections" déjà proposées ne sont pas justes aussi.)

Pas vraiment de "erreur" dans #10 non plus; cela pourrait être une bonne traduction, pourvu que les parents se soient tués exprès. Mais je doute que ce soit ce qu'on veut dire.

Et quant à #12, il y a bien (au moins) une erreur, mais on pourrait entendre un anglophone dire ça (à tort bien sûr).

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Modifié par TravisKidd le 06-02-2009 21:46
En fait on peut dire la même chose pour #3 que pour #12.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de taconnet, postée le 06-02-2009 à 19:57:22 (S | E)
Hello Travis.

I'm extremely grateful to you for your notes, but I think it would be more interesting for you to do this exercise as a native speaker of English.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de TravisKidd, postée le 06-02-2009 à 21:40:37 (S | E)
I had considered this exercise for French-speakers, but if you insist:

1: Look at her. She can't be more than twenty.
2: They might have had an accident.
3: It's better that your father not know anything.
4: China is the most populous country in the world.
5: The game(/turn) will be over when you have answered these last two questions.
6: No sooner had he finished painting his picture, than he went to sell it.
7: I recently saw Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the better play.
8: He kicked the door open. (Mais pas de faute dans la proposition donnée !)
9: It's been twenty minutes that I've been waiting for you.
10: Her parents got killed in a car crash.
11: John Kennedy, Irish and Catholic, was very young when he was elected. (Il a seulement fallu le majuscule à "Irish".)
12: I would prefer you come(/came) Tuesday rather than Friday. (Ou bien "I would rather you come Tuesday than Friday.")

Voilà

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de lucile83, postée le 06-02-2009 à 22:29:06 (S | E)
Hello,
Not to leave travis alone! and just for a change...
Thanks.

1) Look at her. She can't be more than twenty.
2) They might have had an accident.
3) Your father had better not know anything.
4) China is the most populated country in the world.
5) The game will be over when you have answered these last two questions.
6) No sooner had he finished painting his picture than he went to sell it.
7) I recently saw Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the better play.
8) He kicked the door open.
9) I've been waiting for you for twenty minutes.
10) Her parents got killed in a car crash.
11) John Kennedy, an Irishman and a Catholic, was very young when he was elected.
12) I would rather you came on Tuesday instead of Friday.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de maya92, postée le 07-02-2009 à 11:45:35 (S | E)
Hi Taconnet,

1 - Look at her. She can't be more than twenty
2 - They may have had and accident
3 - It's better for your father not to know
4 - China is the most populated country in the world
5 - The game will be over when you have answered these last two questions
6 - No sooner had he finished painting his picture when he went out to sell it
7 - I recently saw Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the better one
8 - He kicked the door open
9 - I've been waiting for you for twenty minutes
10 - Her parents were killed in a car accident
11 - John Kennedy, Irish and Catholic, was very young when he was elected
president
12 - I'd rather you came Tuesday instead of Thursday

Thank you, this a very interesting exercise

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de lakata, postée le 07-02-2009 à 15:40:44 (S | E)
Bonjour Taconnet.

1) Look at her. She can't be more than twenty.

2) They might have had an accident.

3) It's better your father know nothing.
It'd be better for your father to know nothing.

4) China is the most populated country in the world.

5) The game will be over when you have answered these two last questions.

6) No sooner had he finished painting his picture that he went and sold it.

7) I recently saw Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the better (of the two) play(s).

8) He kicked the door open. ( ...et un schéma résultatif...! Un !!!)

9) It has been twenty minutes I've been waiting for you...

10) Her parents were killed in a car crash.

11) John Kennedy, Irish and Catholic, was very young when being elected.

12) I'd prefer you come Tuesday than Friday.

Thank you Taconnet.

-------------------
Modifié par lakata le 07-02-2009 16:38

-------------------
Modifié par lakata le 09-02-2009 18:30

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de dolfin56, postée le 07-02-2009 à 18:23:34 (S | E)
Hello taconnet, thanks to you.

1-Look at her, she can't be more than twenty.
2-They might have had an accident.
3-It'd be better that your father doesn't know anything.
4-China is the most populated country in the world.
5-The game will be over when you have answered these two last questions.
6-No sooner had he finished painting his picture that he went to sell it.
7-I recently saw Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the best play.
8-He kicked the door opened.
9-I have been waiting for you for twenty minutes.
10-Her parents got killed in a car accident.
11-John Kennedy, Irish and Catholic, was very young when elected.
12-I would rather you come on Tuesday than on Thursday.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de ariane6, postée le 08-02-2009 à 13:34:49 (S | E)
Bonjour taconnet.

1-Look at her. She can't be more than twenty.
2-They might have had an accident.
3-It's better your father knows nothing.
4-China is the world's most populated country.
5-The game will be over when you have answered these last two questions.
6-As soon as he had finished painting his picture, he went to sell it.
7-I have recently seen Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the better play.
8-He kicked the door open.
9-It's been twenty minutes I've been waiting for you.
10-Her parents have been killed in a car crash.
11-John Kennedy, Irish and Catholic, was very young when he was elected.
12-I'd rather you come on Tuesday than on Thursday.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de nefertiti, postée le 12-02-2009 à 17:37:16 (S | E)
Hello. I would be a bad teacher, I am sure that I have made some others mistakes !

1. Look at her. She mustn't be more than twenty.
2. They might have had an accident.
3. It is better that your father would know anything.
4. China is the most populated country in the world.
5. The game will be finished when you have answered these two last questions.
6. He has just finished his painting that he went to sell it.
7. I have recently seen Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is easily the best play.
8. He opened the door by a kick.
9. There are twenty minutes that I have been waiting for you.
10. Her parents died in a car crash.
11. John Kennedy, Irish and Catholic, was very young when he was elected.
12. I would rather that you come on Tuesday than on Thursday.

Thank you !!

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de taconnet, postée le 16-02-2009 à 09:17:35 (S | E)
Bonjour.

J' ai mis en évidence les erreurs en les surlignant.

1- Regardez-la. Elle ne doit pas avoir plus de vingt ans.
Look at her. She mustn't have more than twenty.

2- Il se pourrait qu'ils aient eu un accident.
They might have....... an accident.

3- Il est préférable que ton père ne sache rien.
It's better that your father doesn't know anything.

4- La Chine est le pays le plus peuplé du monde.
The China is the most populated country of the world.

5- Le jeu sera terminé quand vous aurez répondu à ces deux dernières questions.
The play will be over when you will have answered these two last questions.

6- Il n'eut pas plus tôt fini de peindre son tableau, qu'il alla le vendre.
No sooner he had finished to paint his picture that he went to sell it.

7- J'ai vu récemment Hamlet et Othello. Hamlet est de loin la meilleure pièce.
I saw recently Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is from far the best play.

8- Il ouvrit la porte d'un coup de pied.
He opened the door with a kick.

9- Il y a vingt minutes que je vous attends.
There are twenty minutes that I'm waiting for you.

10- Ses(fem) parents se sont tués dans un accident de voiture.
Her parents killed themselves in a car crash.

11- John Kennedy,irlandais et catholique, était très jeune quand il fut élu.
John Kennedy,irish and Catholic, was very young when he was elected.

12 - Je préfèrerais que tu viennes mardi plutôt que jeudi.
I would rather that you come tuesday rather than thursday.

Voici les explications :

Phrase 1

Mustn’t est utilisé pour marquer l’interdiction.
You mustn’t smoke here (c’est interdit)

Must peut aussi exprimer une quasi – certitude, une déduction.
You look like Henry. You must be his father ( vous êtes sûrement son père)

La négation d’une quasi-certitude est exprimée à l’aide de can’t /couldn’t
The doorbell’s ringing, but it can’t be Judith, she’s in London. (ça ne peut pas être Judith, il est impossible que ce soit Judith, puisqu’elle est à Londres en ce moment)

Phrase 2

L'action principale (have an accident)est envisagée comme accomplie.
C'est pourquoi il faut employer la forme perfect (have had)

Il se pourrait qu'il vienne ──► He might/could come.
Il se pourrait qu'il soit venu ──► He might/could have come.

Noter la différence entre might et could
He might have had an accident ──> (Hypothèse)
He could have helped us ──> (reproche)

Phrase 3

« It is + adjective » exprimant une opinion, un jugement ….

It is necessary/vital/important/funy/interesting/ surprising/….
Avec « It is + adjective » on utilise la structure :
FOR + complément + TO + verbe

It is important FOR you TO tell me the truth.
Il est important que vous me disiez la vérité.

Phrase 4

Les noms de pays ne sont pas précédés de l’article défini sauf :
The Tyrol, the Ukraine, the Crimea, the Sudan, the Transvaal , the Congo , the Saar, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom,(The U.K) the United-States( The U.S.A)

De se traduit ici par in

Bill Gates is the richest man in the World.

John is the biggest boy in his class.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de taconnet, postée le 16-02-2009 à 10:22:30 (S | E)
Phrase 5

Après When/after/ until /as soon as le futur antérieur français se traduit par le present perfect.

Can I borrow that book when you have finished it ?
You’ll feel better after you have had something to eat.

Les adjectifs other, next, first, last précèdent toujours les nombres.
The last three days ──► les trois derniers jours.
The first ten years of her reign ──► Les dix premières années de son règne.

Phrase 6

No sooner …… than

I had no sooner closed the door than somebody knocked.

If a negative adverb or adverbial expression is put at the beginning of a clause for emphasis, it is usually followed by auxiliary verb + subject.(inversion)
No sooner had I closed the door than somebody knocked .

Notez aussi la tournure
Hardly ……when
Hardly had I closed my eyes when the phone rang.

Début, continuation, fin de l’action.

Certains verbes qui expriment ces notions sont toujours suivis du gérondif.
To stop, to finish, to quit, to give up, to go on ,to carry on ,to keep.

Finihsh + V-ing

Phrase 7

Recently + present perfect or past simple.(from Cambridge Grammar of English)
If the events are considered as happening at a definite point in the past, then the past simple is used.
« The house was sold recently.»

If the events are seen as connected to or relevant to the moment of speaking or writing, then the present perfect is used.

( Loudspeaker announcement on a train)
« To all passengers who have recently joined this service. My name is Chris and I’m your chief steward.»

Lorsque la comparaison porte sur DEUX éléments, l'adjectif est toujours au COMPARATIF. Jamais au SUPERLATIF.

Les écossais ont battu l'Angleterre. Ils étaient les plus forts.
The Scots won over England. They were the stronger

Phrase 8

Voir « structures résultatives »

Lien Internet
)

Lien Internet
)

Phrase 9

Ça fait » + durée + «que» / «Il y a » + durée + «que»
Ces deux structures se traduisent par FOR.

Ça fait / Il y a trois ans que j’habite ici.
I have lived here FOR three years.

On trouve aussi
It is + durée + SINCE

It is three years SINCE I have lived here.

It’s two years since I last saw Joe. = I haven’t seen Joe for two years = the last time I saw Joe was two years ago.

Remarque:

Lorsque l’événement décrit après SINCE exprime une continuité temporelle avec l’actuel, on utilise le PRESENT PERFECT.

On emploie le PRÉTÉRIT s’il y a rupture avec l’actuel.

Comparez :
It is three years since I have lived here. ──► j’habite toujours ici.
It is three years since I last visited London. ──► rupture avec l’actuel (c’était il y a 3 ans)

Ne pas confondre les deux emplois temporels de « Il y a »
«Il y a» + moment du passé ──► AGO
J’ai habité ici il y a trois ans ──► I lived here three years AGO.(prétérit)

«Il y a » + durée ──► FOR
Il y a trois que j’habite ici ──► I have lived here FOR three years.(present perfect)

Phrase 10

Les verbes pronominaux français de sens passif se traduisent directement par une voix passive en anglais

Ici, se tuer = être tué.

They killed themseves signifie : ils se sont suicidés.

Le raisin se cueille à la main = le raisin est cueilli à la main.
D'où la traduction anglaise ──► Grapes are picked by hand.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de taconnet, postée le 16-02-2009 à 10:51:25 (S | E)
Phrase 10

On emploie l’article indéfini devant un nom dénombrable mis en apposition.

Edward Hopper, a famous Americain painter , came to Paris in 1907.
Edward Hopper, célèbre peintre américain, est venu à Paris en 1907.

His father, a post-office clerk, is a member of the Labour Party.
Son père, employé à la poste, est membre du parti travailliste.

« Catholic » avec une majuscule est un nom ou un adjectif

« catholic » avec une minuscule est un adjectif qui signifie varié, éclectique
He has a catholic taste in music = he likes many different types of music.

Phrase 11

L’expression would rather est suivie d’un prétérit modal quand il y a deux sujets.

I would rather you did something.

Shall I stay here ? – I would rather you came with us.

Comparez:
I would rather cook the dinner now.
I would rather you cooked the dinner now.

Les noms de la semaine s'écrivent avec une majuscule.
Ils sont précédés de ON

Voici ma proposition :

1) Look at her. She can't be more than twenty.
2) They might have had an accident.
3) It's better for your father not to know anything.
4) China is the most populated country in the world.
5) The game will be over when you have answered these last two questions.
6) No sooner had he finished painting his picture than he went to sell it.
7) I recently saw Hamlet and Othello. Hamlet is by far the better play.
8) He kicked the door open.
9) I've been waiting for you for twenty minutes.
10) Her parents got killed in a car crash.
11) John Kennedy, an Irishman and a Catholic, was very young when he was elected.
12) I would rather you came on Tuesday than Friday.

Je vous remercie de votre participation.
Je répondrai très volontiers à toute question concernant ce sujet.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de violet91, postée le 16-02-2009 à 21:40:51 (S | E)
Bravo pour cette correction tout à fait élaborée.

- Juste un ajout.

Lorsque l'auxiliaire modal porte l'idée d'ordre ,sa négation est "needn't" :ce n'est plus la peine que tu..

-Hey! John! You must wash my car,you know! Have you seen how dirty it is ? (je change d'avis ,le fais moi-même et reviens) -You needn't wash my car..I have done it myself.

"to need to "(the boy doesn't need to ) est un verbe. Pas à voir avec "needn't + inf sans to : aux.modal)Needn't en réponse à must est en effet un relevé d 'ordre.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de taconnet, postée le 16-02-2009 à 22:24:56 (S | E)
Je voudrais faire un ajout à l'ajout de Violet.

A la différence de « need to », le « need » modal est plutôt interprété comme le reflet de la volonté de l'énonciateur.
On pourra comparer les exemples suivants :

The car needn't be washed John ──► Inutile de laver la voiture John ( Il s'agit d'un ordre poli)

The car don't need to be washed John ──► La voiture n'a pas besoin d'être lavée John.( Il s'agit d'un constat)

Avec le modal, la phrase s'interprète comme la levée d'une obligation, mais rien ne nous dit si la voiture a besoin d'être lavée (peut-être en a-t-elle besoin, mais là n'est pas la question.)
En revanche, avec « need to » , la voiture est dans un état suffisamment acceptable pour ne pas nécessiter qu'on la lave.
On retrouve la distinction entre la volonté subjective du modal et l'aspect objectif du simple verbe.

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de lucile83, postée le 17-02-2009 à 08:11:56 (S | E)
Bonjour,
A la place de :
The car don't need to be washed John
je dirais:
The car doesn't need to be washed John

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de violet91, postée le 17-02-2009 à 15:26:39 (S | E)
..et moi, si j'ose dire : the car doesn't need washing.autant que to be washed (suivant la modalité)

Réponse: Des erreurs à bannir de lucile83, postée le 17-02-2009 à 17:36:42 (S | E)
...oui les 2 formes sont possibles, ou encore pour couper court au lavage:
John, get away from my car !

oops...sorry ...

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